Tire.



R. HERMAN.

TIRE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 20, 1907.

Patented June 14, 1910.

QGLQQS [NVE/VTOR flHe Wm/z,

YT a application filed Euly 20,

specification of Letters Patent.

Serial No. 384,799.

To all where it may concern:

Be it known that .l', ll'inirl' a citizen of "the United States residing at Grafton, in the count of Ellie gheny and State of FennsylVania, have lIl l,

vented certain new and useful lniproveinents in Tires, of which the following a Harman, America,

specification, reference being had there n to the accompanying drawing.

T his invention relates to tires, particu and other larly designed for motor-driven vehicles.

The invention has "for its object to provide a novel non-penetrable outer tube or tire for shielding and preventing the inner or air tube of the tire from punctured or injured to such extent as to render the same useless until repaired.

A further object of the invention is to provide means to resist the outward stress when I the inner tube is inflated, and thereby eifeet a secure retention oi the marginal P015 tions of the outer tube in the rim which holds same.

The invention aims to provide practically an indestructible tire, the said tire embody ing, or being reinforced by a metallic resilient shield arranged in the outer tube, and so positioned as to protect the inner or air tube of the tire from damage by sharp objects which may penetrate or enter the tread of the outer tube. And, the invention further aims to in ease the efficiency, durability, and longevity of the tire, as well as to effeet a greater durability of a vehicle equipped with the tires.

Still further, it is the aim of the invention to increase the rigidity of the tire Without impairing the resilient requirements es sential in pneumatic tires for motor-driven and other vehicles.

The invention will be hereinafter specifically described and claimed, and in such description, reference will be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, and wherein like numerals of reference (indicate like parts throughout the different views oithe drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a transverse sectional view of a tire constructedin accordance with my invention, showing sanie clamped in the Wheel rim. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail sectional view ofa part of the tire showing the manner in which the Wire layers are superposed.

is a partial transverse and longitudinal sectional View of the tire, slur is perspective diagram shcu'ino' the convolutions oi the single wirefroni which the superposed Wire layers are formed l i the drawings, 4; designates the outer tube which is shown in Fig. l as of the clencher type and with a wheel rim 3.

Before describing the specific eonst tion shown. to illustrate invention, 1 describe the construction generally, and forth the advantages result-i1 therefrom Generally stated, the inver providing a plurality cent or Wire in the shoe of the out layers of Wire being supcrpcset place by layers of rubber bet-Ween nyof wir the rubber being vulcanizedso as bind the superposed layers of wire togei these layers of Wire serving to form sh to prevent puncture of the inner tube toy nails or other sharp objects over which the tire may pass. Wire so disposed one on the other each strain oi a superposed layer is supported against lateral movement by two strands of the er on which it is superposed. Be

sides, however, action in this capacity, these layers of Wire serve also as protection against and preventative of blow-outs in the inner tube since the layers of Wire form practically a solid Wall in the shoe, the same as the rim of the wheel forms a solid support. Since there is thus formed a solid wall in the shoe which cannot be expanded by the iniiation oi the inner tube any more than the rim of the Wheel can be expanded by such inflation, it is evident that the diameter of the shoe cannot change, and there is thus two solid Walls for the tube to expand against, namely, the Wire layers forming the shield, and the rim r t the Wheel. it will be readily oerceived that the expansion of the inner tu e being resisted at two opposite sides, it ,Would require an air pressure greatly in excess of that to which tires of this character are ever subjected, to blow or injure the inner tube since the continuous Wire layers or strands placed on the inside of the shoe absolutely prevent any expansion of the rubber covering placed on the outside of these layers of vvire. Another advantage resultingiroin this construction, is, that since llC' The superposed layers oi outer shoe, which latter cannot expand circumferentially as afore stated, the pressure will re-act 1n roportion to its surface against the clenclier portion of the tire, and serve thereby to lock the shoe p'roper onto the rim, preventing possible chance of the clencher being pulled out of the rim due to excess stress being placed thereon. This will be evident, since it will be observed from the foregoing that the inner tube can only expand to the actual inside diameter of the shoe; and at this point is resisted by the solid wall formed by the layers of continuous wires.

Specifically described, my invention consists in providing the outer tube of a tire with a metallic reinforcement and shield which is herein shown as embodying a plurality of superposed layers "of wires, designated respectively 5, 6, and 7, the wires of each layer being wound circumferentially with the wires or strands of one layer staggered with respect to the wires or strands of the other layers whereby it will be impossible for a penetrating-object passing between two strands of the outer layer to penetrate or pass through between the strands of the other layers. This will be evident from an inspection of the drawings, as it will be observed that should a penetrating-object pass between two strands of the outer layer, 7 the point of such object would strike a strandof the intermediate layer 6, the strands of the said intermediate layer 6, being disposed so as to guard the interstices or spaces between adjacent strands of the outer layer 7. Such engagement of the point of an object with a strand of the intermediate layer 6, would cause the point to be deflected substantiall at a right angle to its point of entry, an in order for the point to pass between two strands of the intermediate layer 6, it would be necessary-for the point to be a ain deflected and this time ata right angle to the line .0 its first deflection, which second deflection would scarcely take place undervany conditions, as the first deflection given to. the

point of the penetrating-objectwould direct it between the outer layer 7 and the intermediate layer 6, and if furtherinward movement of the body of the enetrating-object occurred, the tendency o the penetratingpoint would be to travel between the two layers of wire. But, if for any cause, the penetrating point of the object should happen to ass the strands of the intermediate ayer 0 wires, the inner layer 5 would arrest its inward movement, since the strands. of this layer are so disposed with relation to the interstices between the strands of the layer 6, as to guard the latter in the same manner that the strands of the layer 6 guard .the interstices between the: strands of the outer layer 7. I

Theouter tube or tire is provided with the edges of the layers.

' usual interior sheath 8, usually made of canvas or some tough fabric, and the superimposed layers of wire 5, 6, 7, are disposed within the tread or shoe of the outer tube upon, the curved portion of this sheath 8. The superposed ayers are separated by sheets 0 material 9, a sheet of the same ma-' terial being also provided over the outer layer 7, and extended down over the marginal edges of the several layers. This material is preferably rubber, and then over the superposed layers and outer sheet of the material 9, is placed a protecting-sheath 10, made of canvas or like tough fabric. This protecting sheath I have shown in the present instance as extending clencher which holds the tire, but it will be evident that this sheath may be joined with the inner sheath at a pointwhere it meets with the same after coverin the marginal After 51c layers have :1 been wound upon the interposed material 9,

the whole is vulcanized in'the outer tube to vent independent movement of some of the parts with respect to the others.

In the manufacture, the su erposed layers such as steel wire, the inner layer 5 first formed, beginning at one side or mare has been completed, the wlre is crossed over directly above the interstices between'the adjacent strands of the layer 5 and the wire rewound to the opposite marginal edge to complete the intermediate layer 6, after again wound to comp etc the outer la er 7, the strands of, this layer, as here fore the strands of t e intermediate layer 6. It is preferable, and the more tactical, to form the superposed layers 0 the shield from a single strand of material as shown and described, and I wish to beunderstood also, I have used the word wire in a broa sense to designate the metal strip from which the shield is formed. I desire, however,

layers of the shield are each upon arcs, and further, that the arm in which the layers extend are different from the arc of.

mar 'nal-portionsof the outer tube outwar ly, and tending tosecurely maintain said marginal portions in the rim. I also desire to call attention to the'fact that the strands of each layer of wire are mutually supported against lateral movement due to the relative closeness of the wireqmd the down to the ginal edge of thelayer, and, when this layer the marginal strand so as to enter or he which, the wire is again crossed overand stated, being op osite. the interstices betweento, call attention to the fact that the su gliposed erent the tire; By this construction, I1 rovidel means to-reslst the outward stress w en the inner tube is inflated, thereby movmg the effect-the permanency of the parts and pre- 5, 6, and 7, are preferably ormed from a I single length of good strong, springy wire,

being as as claiming thesesuperpos'ed layers broadly superposed wire eemee fact that the strands will not yield to permit one, strand to pass over another. I I

Having fully described my invention what I glaim as new, anddesire to secure by Lettere'Patent is v 1. In a tire, an outer tube, a plurality of I layers wound circumferentially of the 'tube and embedded therein, each strand of a superposed layer being snpported against lateral movement by two strands of the la ver.on which it is superposed.

2. In a tire, an outer film, and a tire shield therein formed from a ingle piece of Wire wound circumferentially into a plurality of superposed layers, each strand of a superposed layer being supported against lateral movement by two strands of the layer on which it is superposed.

In a pneumatic tire, an outer tube having embedded th rein a shield formed from a single length 0 upon itself to provide a plurality of superposed layers, the strands oi nlayer'being in abutting engagement and the, strands of one layer being 1n staggep'ed relation with the strancls of an adjacent layer, 1

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

minnow HERMAN.

Vvitnesses:

GILMORE HERMAN, James W. VJATSON.

wire wound and crossed 

